Listening

Explain the two listening techniques: top-down vs. bottom-up and tell us when you employ each technique for what purpose.

Bottom-up focuses on linguistic elements like words or structures. In contrast, Top-down use background knoweldge to understanding meaning and guess it from the context. and find something important information. so this can have a  benefit to listening American drama or pop-song to L2 learners. In my case,

in fact, when I listen to the english lecture , I can't understand  it totally , but I grasp the general meaning of lecture.  So bottom-up is suitable for comprehension achieved by dividing and decoding the sound signal bit by bit like listening to direction to a friend's house. And top-down is suitable for the way you listened to the holiday anecdote.
What type of listening materials do you think good for top-down or bottom-up strategies? Review the listening materials and select some for each.

top down is good for real life situation like news listening. in contrast, bottom up is good for academic lecture or explaining the scientific phenomenon or dictation activities, fill in the blank activities, weather forcast,advertising information for lenter car ...etc.

What is podcasting? Discuss the benefits of doing podacasting for L2 learners

potcasting is useful and authentic listening goldmine. we can download on mp3 files listening material like lecture, drama, radio broadcast  from i-tunes.
this offer  authentic material for L2learners so this is beneficial. and  in case of students proficiency levels,
we also can select the right material suitable for student's levels.